Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

The term "pelvic floor" refers to the funnel shaped group of muscles that form a sling or hammock across the opening of a woman's pelvis. These muscles, together with their surrounding tissues, keep all of the pelvic organs in place so that the organs can function correctly.

A pelvic floor disorder occurs when the pelvic muscles and tissue in the pelvis weaken or are injured as a result from pelvic surgery, radiation treatments or childbirth.

There are a variety of problems related to the pelvic floor. The most common include:

Rectal Prolapse

A "prolapse" occurs when the pelvic muscles become weak and can no longer hold the rectum in place correctly, allowing it to telescope out through the anus, thereby turning it “inside out”. While this may be uncomfortable, it rarely results in an emergency. However, it can be quite embarrassing and often has a significant negative impact on patients’ quality of life.

Faecal incontinence

This can occur when there is damage to the anal sphincter, the ring of muscles that keep the anus closed. It can also occur when the rectum bulges into or out of the vagina (Rectocoele), making it difficult to control the bowels.

Difficulty evacuating the bowels (obstructed defectaion)

This can also occur when the rectum bulges into or out of the vagina (Rectocoele), making it difficult to control the bowels or when the pelvic floor muscles are poorly co-ordinated (Anismus).

What are the treatments for pelvic floor disorders?

Lifestyle changes. In some cases, treatment for symptoms includes changes in diet, weight control, and other lifestyle changes.

Physiotherapy . Exercises for the pelvic floor muscles help strengthen the muscles around the openings of the urethra, vagina, and rectum.

Surgery. There are a number of surgical treatment options for Rectal Prolapse (Laparoscopic or local procedures)

Neuromodulation (nerve stimulation ) is helpful for some patients with faecal incontinence that has not been improved by physiotherapy.